Despite progress in LGBTQ rights globally, sexual and gender minorities face increasing threats and discrimination. In many countries, anti-LGBTQ rhetoric is used as a right-wing strategy to mobilize fear and stigma against these communities. Anti-LGBTQ bills, which propose harsh penalties for same-sex acts and restrict discussions on homosexuality, are under consideration in several countries, including Uganda, Kenya, and Ghana.

State-sanctioned attacks often accompany the relationship between democratic backsliding and public attitudes toward LGBTQ rights is complex, but attacks on these communities can indicate a democratic decline. State-sanctioned attacks often accompany the weakening of democratic norms and institutions on sexual and gender minorities. In the United States, conservative politicians have proposed numerous anti-LGBTQ bills despite public support for LGBTQ protections.

The export of anti-LGBTQ sentiment from the West, through networks of activists and organizations, contributes to the erosion of LGBTQ rights in other countries. The weaponization of homophobia and transphobia has consequences beyond national borders, leading to violence and persecution that force sexual and gender minorities to seek refuge in other countries.

Protecting the rights of sexual and gender minorities is not only a matter of human rights but also contributes to economic prosperity and inclusive societies. However, the lack of comprehensive data on LGBTQ communities poses a barrier to addressing their challenges. The rise of state-sanctioned anti-LGBTQ stigma indicates fewer safe places for these communities. Collecting robust and inclusive data is essential for building stable and inclusive democracies.

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