The issue of migration remains a prominent topic on the political agenda as millions of people worldwide flee various circumstances. Two years ago, it was argued that the global benefits of open borders and free movement of people outweigh the disadvantages. However, while some envision a world without borders, the reality is far from it.

Author Tim Marshall highlights that 65 countries have constructed walls or fences, with half built in this century. These fortifications aim to address concerns about uncontrolled mass migration. In the Global South, the idea of a borderless world remains inconceivable, as only the affluent and those with European and North American passports enjoy the freedom of movement.

Philosopher Achille Mbembe advocates for the recognition of a "fourth freedom of movement" for people and the free movement of capital, goods, and services. He argues that all individuals, including Africans, should be granted the same freedom of movement. Initiating this transition requires African countries to open their borders to each other and challenge the constraints imposed by colonization. Efforts like the African Continental Free Trade Area and the proposal for a single African passport aim to promote intra-African mobility.

However, denying this "fourth freedom" is rooted in xenophobia and economic bias. Wealthy individuals can freely migrate, often acquiring citizenship or residency through financial means. Meanwhile, the poor face restrictions on their mobility. This disparity highlights the moral and economic dimensions of the freedom of movement debate.

In conclusion, while the idea of a borderless world exists, the current reality is far from achieving it. Advocates argue for recognizing the freedom of movement for all individuals, emphasizing the need to challenge existing barriers and address economic biases.

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