Most people aren't aware that we actually have two North Poles. One is geograhic and the other is magnetic. Geographic True North Pole is in a fixed position. The magnetic North Pole ( also known as North Dip Pole) on the other hand, is not stationary and is in fact moving. Magnetic north has been tracked since 1831 beginning in what is now the Canadian territory of Nunavut on the Boothia Peninsula. It's always moved around a bit but in the last few decades since the early 90s, scientists have noticed an increase in movement and no one knows for sure what the cause is.
Historically, magnetic north moved 0-15 km per year. In the most recent measurements from August 2021, it moved 5.44 miles (8.75 km) in just one month. This would amount to over 65 miles (104 km) of movement in just one year. Movement over the last 150 years now exceeds 1,000 km or 621 miles. Magnetic North has left Canada and now appears to be on its way to Siberia and could reach Siberia within a few decades.
Some have claimed it's human activity causing this pole shift. Others will say that Earth's magnetic core is weakening while others might say it's because Earth is flying through the universe and who knows what's out there. There are still others who will claim our sun is the culprit or it's the Earth's molten iron sloshing around or it's global warming. In the end, no one knows for sure.
It is extremely difficult or downright impossible to predict the next pole shift but a well preserved tree found in New Zealand that was alive the last time a polar shift occurred suggests the last time we had a polar shift was about 42,000 years ago. NASA scientists claim the last major reversal occurred some 780 thousand years ago so you can see how difficult it is to disseminate.
The issue has even affected the airline industry. Airport runways are aligned to magnetic North. An article published by Fox News on January 6, 2011 reports that Tampa International Airport had to re-align its runways and had to close its main runway for one week to change taxiway signs to account for the change. While it was a rare thing to happen at the time, we should note the increase in magnetic North's movement as of late and therefore, should expect runways to re-align their runways again, sooner than later.
As for our compasses. Well, they're not pointing in the same direction as when you used one as a kid. In fact, in late October 2017, it crossed the international date line, passing just shy of 390 km of the geographic pole and is now on a southern trajectory. Just since 1990, magnetic North has moved over 600 miles (970 km), is 4 degrees south of geographic North and has traversed across the Arctic Ocean and is now believed to be somewhere over Greenland. Just from 2010 to 2020, the drift increased by 33%. As a result, compasses are being thrown off by roughly 1 degree every five years.
One thing for certain, the magnetic poles have shifted several times in Earth's history. Core samples of ice and rock suggests there have been at least 74 pole reversals from what we are able to measure.. There were likely many more reversals that we will never be able to find evidence of. Even our own life giving Sun has pole reversals every 11 to 13 years (think el Nino and el Nina) so I think it's safe to say that pole shifts on Earth are a naturally occurring event.
Should we worry about this phenomena? It is true that 10,000 years ago, Canada was under a sheet of ice up to 2,000 feet thick while at the same time, in what is now the Sahara desert was once a lush rainforest. There are many doomsday prophets who claim the end is near, if not for one reason or another and many of these so-called prophets have jumped on the pole reversal bandwagon to spread fear among the feeble minded. Every second of every day of every month of every year and so on, the Earth continually changes, with or without us. Don't let their fear-mongering consume you. You have much better odds of getting hit by lightning which in any given year is about 1 in half a million.
Oddly, the south magnetic pole has moved as well but remained relatively stable compared to magnetic north. While Magnetic North Pole has moved about 12 degrees latitude and 18 degrees longitude in the last one hundred years, the South Magnetic Pole has moved about 8 degrees latitude and 10 degrees longitude in that same period of time. It's unknown how one pole can affect the other but it's clear they are not behaving quite the same.
I find it fascinating to follow and live through these Earth changes and it doesn't scare me at all. If we suddenly fall into an ice age and I'm flash-frozen as the result of a polar shift, I'm sure I'll be the last to know about it. I will recommend at this time to regularly update your GPS software though.
Check out my previous article that gives a rough explanation of how Earth, solar system and entire galaxy are hurtling (and spinning) through space at astronomical speeds! We Should Be Exploding At The Rate We're Moving
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