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French Revolution: Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity: EVOLUTION OF MIDDLE-CLASS

By Lawa | Political science | 28 Dec 2022


The era of the classical world breaks off with the French revolution, where the modernization concepts evolved from the debris of the old system. French Revolution is a landmark event in history.  The old system where feudal and universal churches were the prominent entities that used to share power along with the monarchy was annihilated and the monarchy was confirmed in Constitution.

Some historian claims like Manikant of India, the French Revolution took place in the interest of third-state people. There were two classes of people third-state people which were middle-class people and lower-class people: workers and farmers groups. Those farmers and workers played a significant role as a protection force at the beginning but until 1792 when they knew the hidden interest of middle-class people they overtook the power and started their rule which was known as the Jacobian rule, fall within a short time interval naming middle-class people as a deciding power. And there appears Napolean Bonapart who spread the interest of the middle class outside of the boundary. The lower-class people who were in the shadow of middle-class people were behind the curtains from the Magna Carta of 1215 to the French Revolution experienced justice with the emergence of Communist rule which was dreamed of by Karl Marx.

Seeing today's world, middle-class people adopted insights from individualism to cooperative, integrated efforts which resulted in the establishment of huge financial institutions. Middle-class people in today's world are the protector of democratic rule as they are assured that democratic rule is the better option among others for the protection of their interests. This is why they always oppose communist rule. 

Back to the topic, there were three classes of people broadly classified into two categories as privilege and non-privilege. Under privilege, there were two state people, First and second. And non-privileged ones were middle-class and lower-class people as they are the ones who were brought into power. But the total stake was a constraint to middle-class people.

So, to understand the French solution the precise message lies in the slogan: liberty, equality, and fraternity. What does it mean to middle-class people?

Liberty 

Liberty means freedom and independence. Middle-class people don't want any control over them. This liberty is against monarchy, aristocracy, and feudalism. And liberty here means only political and cultural liberty, it is not economic freedom because the monarch, churches, and feudal were in a stronger position in the economy and lower people would gain the freedom to work on their capability, despite the need for a free market. 

Equality 

As mentioned above, middle-class people took away the power of mobilization of resources from first and second-state people with the slogan of equality. As middle-class people were aware of the position of lower-class people they are unable to mobilize the state resources, they mean equal opportunities for all by the word equality. But it was one way of seizing from the higher-class people.  As we can read in history that after the French revolution, the monarch was under the constitution and the system of the universal church and feudalism was completely eradicated. But the innocent farmers and workers' position was as they were in the past.

The cunning middle-class people destroyed the social immunities of the clergy, churches, and feudal but their assets were untouched. The private property was unharmed.

In 1797, when a new constitution was written, the franchise was not given to all people, but only to the people with private property. The citizen with private property was taken as the responsible ones which was the clear protection of the middle-class people. 

The tight to private property was protected from the first day to till date by middle-class people.

Fraternity 

Westphalia convention (1648) brought the idea of the nation-state. And the monarch used to claim that they are the center of the nation-state and it exists because of the month This is why Louis 14, claimed that " I am the state".

Rousseau," General will is the sovereign". The French revolution was motivated by the quotes Rousseau coined the term citizen and made the citizen the center of the nation-state. This is the metaphor of the word fraternity. 

 

The word liberty was associated with the political aspects to share a stake in power sharing, equality is related to the. mobilizing the national resources where the middle-class people diminished the social and political immunities of the clergy class and feudal and the last word. Fraternity means nationality where citizens are the center of the governing system.

This is how middle-class people who were behind the curtains all longtime history emerged and influenced all over the globe. We live in a democratic world in our academic syllabus somewhere on one page we will read," Democratic system is the way to peace and is the way of a civilized nation". But down deep there lies the hidden interest of middle-class people in the protection of private property.

After the second world war, lower-class people and women were provided franchises. National started to make collaborative efforts in mitigating, advancing, and developmental works.  Governments started to give focus on the deprived class people which came to the surface after the adoption of a new public service strategy in the administration. This is why some people believe that seeing the threats from Governments, the middle-class people are building a system free from the governments. This we see the evolution of crypto-space, et commerce, international financial institutions, etc.

In layman's words, the world develops for the protection of middle-class people and their standard living life otherwise what is the difference between the diamond-embedded watch and the normal watch of the street shops?

 

 

 

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Lawa
Lawa

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