https://nektiu.com/campanas-electorales-mas-inteligentes/

i-Voting plus Blockchain for Fraud Prevent

By Juan Molina | Juan Molina | 20 Feb 2020

i-voting

The application of Blockchain technology could prevent electoral fraud by providing a transparent record of
votes cast and considerably reducing the risk of fraud.

By incorporating Blockchain into the electoral system, the State would no longer be an administrative participant, since the citizens themselves can authenticate with their personal data directly in the blockchain. This would avoid electoral fraud and interference from external agents, such as the State that could manipulate the results.

By having the data stored in a distributed ledger that is completely open to everyone, the process is 100% auditable at all stages. There would be no black boxes.

Once the data is recorded within a blockchain, these are unalterable.

Each block contains data, the hash of the block and the hash of the previous block, details of the transaction with respect to the sender, the receiver and the number of votes cast.

In Ethereum, for example, it is possible to store any type of digital value, through the use of smart contracts. Since each hash is unique, changing something within the block will cause the hash to change, which is fully detectable within the blockchain. Hash changes, it is no longer the same block. Making the system very safe.

The most common way in which a country votes is through conventional paper ballots, mechanical devices or electronic systems based on ballots. Digital voting is the use of electronic devices to cast votes and currently
There are two ways to vote digitally:

e-voting: is when voters use a machine at the polling station to cast their votes

i-voting: is when a web browser is used for this purpose.

The internet has been part of the election ecosystem for many years now, yet its uses remain mostly as an auxiliary, often times for campaign propaganda or for transmitting results.
But between February 21 – February 27, the internet played a different role in the Estonian Parliament Elections – this time as a means to fill and cast ballots. It is now the 10th time Estonia used internet voting (i-voting) as an option to exercise this democratic right which was introduced in 2005.

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Summary

The security of the i-voting system can be violated by hacker attacks. The most serious attacks come from people with the potential capacity to change the outcome without anyone noticing. Foreign governments could invest large resources and their
powerful interests to achieve that end.

The ethical limits of technology implementation always tend to be imposed as an excuse in these cases.

Although such mishaps can be avoided with a properly analyzed election process, errors can still occur, especially
when the number of voters is quite large. Well-formulated digital voting systems would improve security,
confidentiality and would significantly reduce expenses in terms of logistics and electoral material, but above all, in terms of instant analysis and reports.